Cited Article: Holt JK. Fast mass transport through sub-2-nanometer carbon nanotubes
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AU Majumder, M
Stinchcomb, A
Hinds, BJ
AF Majumder, Mainak
Stinchcomb, Audra
Hinds, Bruce J.
TI Towards mimicking natural protein channels with aligned carbon nanotube
membranes for active drug delivery
SO LIFE SCIENCES
LA English
DT Review
DE Drug delivery; Biomimetic; Nanostructure; Gatekeeper; Membrane;
Transdermal; Nanoporous
ID WATER; TRANSPORT; POLYSTYRENE; GROWTH; FLOW
AB Aims: Carbon nanotube (CNT) membranes offer an exciting opportunity to
mimic natural protein channels due to 1) a mechanism of dramatically
enhanced fluid flow 2) ability to place 'gatekeeper' chemistry at the
entrance to pores 3) the ability for biochemical reactions to occur on
gatekeeper molecules and 4) an ability to chemically functionalize each
side of the membrane independently.
Main methods: Aligned CNT membranes were fabricated and CNT pore
entrances modified with gatekeeper chemistry. Pressure driven fluid
flow and diffusion experiments were performed to study the mechanisms
of transport through CNTs.
Key findings: The transport mechanism through CNT membranes is
primarily 1) ionic diffusion near bulk expectation 2) gas flow enhanced
1-2 orders of magnitude primarily due to specular reflection 3) fluid
flow 4-5 orders of magnitude faster than conventional materials due to
a nearly ideal slip-boundary interface. The transport can be modulated
by 'gatekeeper' chemistry at the pore entrance using steric hindrance,
electrostatic attraction/repulsion, or biochemical state. The
conformation of charged tethered molecules can be modulated by applied
bias setting the stage for programmable drug release devices.
Significance: The membrane structure is mechanically far more robust
than lipid bilayer films, allowing for large-scale chemical
separations, delivery or sensing based on the principles of protein
channels. The performance of protein channels is several orders of
magnitude faster than conventional membrane materials. The fundamental
requirements of mimicking protein channels are present in the CNT
membrane system. Crown Copyright (C) 2009 Published by Elsevier Inc.
All rights reserved.
C1 [Majumder, Mainak; Hinds, Bruce J.] Univ Kentucky, Dept Chem & Mat Engn, Lexington, KY 40502 USA.
[Stinchcomb, Audra] Univ Kentucky, Coll Pharm, Lexington, KY 40502 USA.
RP Hinds, BJ, Univ Kentucky, Dept Chem & Mat Engn, Lexington, KY 40502 USA.
EM bjhinds@engr.uky.edu
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NR 33
TC 1
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD; THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE,
KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0024-3205
DI 10.1016/j.lfs.2009.04.006
PD APR 10
VL 86
IS 15-16
BP 563
EP 568
SC Medicine, Research & Experimental; Pharmacology & Pharmacy
GA 581UY
UT ISI:000276551500002
ER
PT J
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AU Zhang, YY
Gregoire, JM
van Dover, RB
Hart, AJ
AF Zhang, Yongyi
Gregoire, John M.
van Dover, R. B.
Hart, A. John
TI Ethanol-Promoted High-Yield Growth of Few-Walled Carbon Nanotubes
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C
LA English
DT Article
ID FORESTS; WATER; CATALYSTS; ARRAYS; SIZE
AB We report the use of a small concentration of ethanol in addition to
ethylene as the carbon source for growth of dense vertically aligned
"forests" of few-walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) Through a detailed
comparison of CNTs vi own with and without ethanol added to the
C2H4/H-2 feedstock, we quantify several important effects of the
ethanol addition We show that ethanol selectively reduces the number of
CNT walls without changing the outer diameter, increases the catalyst
lifetime more than 3-fold, and increases the rate of carbon conversion
more than 5-fold Online dewpoint and mass spectrometry measurements of
the exhaust stream suggest that ethanol decomposes into active carbon
species that enhance growth, and into H2O, which counteracts the
accumulation of amorphous carbon and thus prolongs the catalyst
lifetime We performed a systematic study of the effect of the catalyst
film thickness, and identify a set of conditions that provides growth
of millimeter-tall double-walled CNT forests Importantly, our study
reveals that the chemistry or the CVD atmosphere alone. plays a
critical role in controlling the structure of CNTs, and that addition
of ethanol results in few-walled CNTs over a broad range of growth
conditions These findings ale an important step toward the ultimate
goal of control of CNT chirality during synthesis as well as toward
realization of important large-scale applications of aligned CNT films
having high monodispersity and structural quality.
C1 [Zhang, Yongyi; Hart, A. John] Univ Michigan, Dept Mech Engn, Mechanosynth Grp, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Gregoire, John M.; van Dover, R. B.] Cornell Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
[Gregoire, John M.; van Dover, R. B.] Cornell Univ, Cornell Fuel Cell Inst, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
RP Hart, AJ, Univ Michigan, Dept Mech Engn, Mechanosynth Grp, 2350 Hayward
St, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
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NR 40
TC 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC; 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1932-7447
DI 10.1021/jp100358j
PD APR 15
VL 114
IS 14
BP 6389
EP 6395
SC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary
GA 579BP
UT ISI:000276341700026
ER
EF
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